Inverted incandescent gas-lamp.



PATENTBD AUG. l, 1905.

F. M. BROOKS. l INVERTED INGANDESGBNT GAS LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.3,1905.

@Ullman I Htn l embodying the invention.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIOE.

INVERTED INCANDESCENT GAS-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 191:5.

Application filed February 3, 1905. Serial No. 243,918.

To (tl/Z whom, it may concern.-

Be it known thatI, FRANK M BRooKs, a citizen of the United States, andaresident of the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State ofNew York, have invented anew and useful Improvement in InvertedIncandescent Gras-Lam ps, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lillustrates an elevation of a lamp Fig. 2 illustrates a verticalsectional view of the construction illustrated in Fig. 1.

In the drawings, A represents the gas-supply pipe; B, the usual Bunsentube; C, the gasregulating cock, (made in the form of aneedlevalve inthis case,) and D the air-inlets. These parts are or may be of any usualconstruction.

E is an enlarged space, which I call the eX- panding-chamber, formed atthe end of the Bunsen tube.' F is a wiregauze fastened across thischamber, preferably at about its greatest horizontal diameter. Below thechamber is an open-ended tubular extension G, provided with a contractedmouth H. The mantle I, shown in dotted lines, is or may be supportedfrom the part Gr, as indicated, or in any other preferred manner. Thelength of the extension G should be not less than half the diameter ofthe expansion-chamber. The adjustment of the mantle relative to the openmouth of the eXtensionG should be such that the extensionwill projectinto the mantle approximately one-third its length.

The gas issuing from the gas-check and the air-supply drawn in throughthe openings D in the Bunsen tube pass together through it downwardlyand are discharged into the enlarged space or expanding-chamber E, andas they enter this chamber, being relieved from 'the pressure to whichthey were subjected in the relatively restricted Bunsen tube, they atonce expand, causing eddying and intermingling circles of the gas andair within the eX- pansion-chamber, and, moreover, they are immediatelyprojected against thewire-gauze F, stretched across this chamber, andowing to the diameter of the expansion-chamber and the fact that thegauze is stretched across it on or near the line of its greatestdiameter the result of the air and gas being projected against the gauzeis to intermingle then throughout the expansion-chamber. Thus a mostperfect and homogeneous admixture of the two gases is secured, and owingto the perfection of their admiXture and what may be Y called therarefaction of the gases they attain a condition of extremeinflammability.

, From'the expansion-chamber the perfectlycombined gases pass throughthe extension G and finally emerge therefrom through the contractedmouth H and there burn with'great energy, and owing to the continuity ofthe sides of the extension G and to its contracted mouth or opening H ablowpipe effect is produced, whereby the velocity of the air and gasthrough the entire length of the burner is increased and intense heatgenerated, this being the objects of the invention, and owing to theperfect homogeneity of the admixture there are practically no residuesor products of combustion unconsumed.

In the ordinary inverted Bunsen tube the heat generated retards the airsuction to such a degree that a yellow ame is produced, whereas aproperBunsen ame is of a blue-green color;

but in my lamp, owing to the completeness of the mixture and theexpansion of the gases caused by the expansion-chamber and gauze and theshape and vlength of the open extension G, with its contracted mouth,the gases, acquiring increased velocity and being consumed with greatrapidity at the open mouth, generate a suction or vacuum'action, so thatthe flowing of the gases within the expansionchamber and likewise withinthe Bunsen tube are not retarded by the heat, but are drawn downwardlytoward the point of consumption continuously and with great rapidity andare projected through the contracted mouth of the extension G with suchvelocity and in such volume as to prevent the passage of the flame inthe reverse direction. Thus there is no possibility of the air ceasing.to iow into the Bunsen tube or the flame flashing back because of thecontinuous rush of the gases toward the point of combustion. In additionto this also the wire-gauze stretched across the expanding-chamber aidsin preventing any back-flashing of the flame should the rush of thegases to the point of combustion be momentarily retarded by air-drafts,a reduction of gas-pressure, or otherwise. Thus there is constantlymaintained a uniform ame accompanied by complete rapid combustion andintense heat, whereby the mantle is maintained in a condition of perfectincandescence.

It will be obvious to those who are familiar with this art thatmodifications may be made in the details of construction of theapparatus 'described and illustrated without departing from theessentials of the invention. I therefore do not limit myself to thedetails.

I Claiml. In an inverted incandeseentmantle lamp the combination ofaBunsen tube, an enlarged chamber Connecting therewith and an openendedtubular outlet therefrom, the length of the tubular outlet being atleast equal to half the diameter of the enlarged Chamber.

2. In an inverted incandescent-mantle lamp the combination of a Bunsentube, an enlarged chamber Connecting therewith and an openformer throughsubstantially one-third of its length.

4. In an inverted incandescent-mantle lamp the combination of aBunsentube, an enlarged chamber connecting therewith, a gauze diaphragmextending across the chamber and an open-ended tubular outlet from thechamber, the length whereof is equal to at least half the diameter ofthe enlarged chamber.

5. In an inverted incandescent-mantle lamp the combination of a Bunsentube, an enlarged chamber connecting therewith, a gauze diaphragmextending across the chamber and an open-ended tubular outlet from thechamber, said outlet having acontraeted mouth and its length being equalto at least half the diameter of the enlarged Chamber.

In testimony whereof I hav'e signed my name to this specifica-tion inthe presence of two sub-

